# CoTFormer: A Chain-of-Thought Driven Architecture with Budget-Adaptive Computation Cost at Inference

Authors: Amirkeivan Mohtashami, Matteo Pagliardini, Martin Jaggi.

Runs shared transformer blocks repeatedly, keeping earlier passes available to attention. A learned router chooses how many passes each token receives.

First public: 2023-10-16.
ArXiv initial submission: 2023-10-16.

[Original paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.10845) · [Reading-list entry](https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2310.10845/)
[Preprint BibTeX](https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2310.10845/citation.bib) · [Preprint CSL-JSON](https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2310.10845/citation.csl.json) · [JSON record](https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2310.10845/record.json)

## Approaches

- [Recurrent reasoning](https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/topics/recurrent-reasoning/): Repeat parts of the model or keep intermediate information in memory while working through a problem. Some methods also learn how many passes to run.

Summary and categories are editorial. Read the original paper to verify claims and limitations. A citation to a paper does not, by itself, establish that a later method builds on it.

Reading-list version 0.9.5; literature checked through 2026-10-18.