{
  "id": "2602.13517",
  "title": "Think Deep, Not Just Long: Measuring LLM Reasoning Effort via Deep-Thinking Tokens",
  "authors": "Wei-Lin Chen, Liqian Peng, Tian Tan, Chao Zhao, Blake JianHang Chen, Ziqian Lin, Alec Go, Yu Meng",
  "first_public": "2026-02-13",
  "added_at": "2026-10-22",
  "venue": "ICML 2026",
  "arxiv": "2602.13517",
  "paper_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.13517",
  "html_url": "https://arxiv.org/html/2602.13517v2",
  "lens": [
    "analysis"
  ],
  "representation": [
    "hidden-state"
  ],
  "computation": [
    "depth-wise",
    "parallel"
  ],
  "training": [
    "analysis-only",
    "inference-only"
  ],
  "questions": [
    "efficiency",
    "evaluation",
    "interpretability"
  ],
  "evidence": [
    "empirical",
    "probing"
  ],
  "modality": [
    "language",
    "symbolic"
  ],
  "summary": "Measures how late in a transformer’s layers each token prediction settles, then uses this signal to score a reasoning trace. Tests early rejection of low-scoring samples on math and science questions, measuring savings in generated tokens.",
  "provenance": "Primary-source literature review, 2026-10-22",
  "author_names": [
    "Wei-Lin Chen",
    "Liqian Peng",
    "Tian Tan",
    "Chao Zhao",
    "Blake JianHang Chen",
    "Ziqian Lin",
    "Alec Go",
    "Yu Meng"
  ],
  "record_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2602.13517/",
  "legacy_record_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/#paper-2602-13517",
  "citation_date": "2026-02-13",
  "json_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2602.13517/record.json",
  "markdown_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2602.13517/index.md",
  "bibtex_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2602.13517/citation.bib",
  "csl_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2602.13517/citation.csl.json",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.13517",
  "publication": {
    "title": "Think Deep, Not Just Long: Measuring LLM Reasoning Effort via Deep-Thinking Tokens",
    "author_names": [
      "Wei-Lin Chen",
      "Liqian Peng",
      "Tian Tan",
      "Chao Zhao",
      "Jianhang Chen",
      "Ziqian Lin",
      "Alec Go",
      "Yu Meng"
    ],
    "year": 2026,
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "container_title": "Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Machine Learning",
    "pages": "16342-16360",
    "volume": "306",
    "publisher": "PMLR",
    "url": "https://proceedings.mlr.press/v306/chen26di.html",
    "source_url": "https://proceedings.mlr.press/v306/chen26di.html",
    "verified_at": "2026-10-22"
  },
  "publication_bibtex_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2602.13517/publication.bib",
  "publication_csl_url": "https://latent-implicit-thinking.github.io/papers/2602.13517/publication.csl.json"
}