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Register Tokens for Bounded-State Reasoning in Diffusion Language Models

Albert Ge, Chandan Singh, Yufan Zhuang, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Frederic Sala

Trains a diffusion language model to carry a fixed number of continuous register states between generated chunks. The model still writes text within each chunk, but clears earlier text and continues from the prompt and retained registers.

First public: · Added to this list: October 18, 2026

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arXiv:2609.16372 · Initial submission: 2026-09-14

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Continuous-state reasoning — Use vectors—lists of numbers—to carry intermediate reasoning from one step to the next, instead of selecting a text token at every step. Some methods use the model's hidden states; others combine several candidate token representations.

Alternative generation methods — Change how intermediate steps are generated, revised, or searched—for example, by refining several steps in parallel. These are related approaches: some still produce written chains of thought.

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