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Decoding Looped Transformers Better for (Almost) Free

Weihao Liu, Huangjie Zheng, Tianrong Chen, Rohit Dilip, Richard He Bai, Yizhu Jiao, Yuyang Wang, Ruixiang Zhang

Compares a looped model's final prediction with predictions from earlier loops to improve decoding without additional training. Tests contrastive variants using either output logits or hidden states on mathematical reasoning and code generation.

First public: · Added to this list: October 18, 2026

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ArXiv preprint

arXiv:2610.02185 · Initial submission: 2026-10-01

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Recurrent reasoning — Repeat parts of the model or keep intermediate information in memory while working through a problem. Some methods also learn how many passes to run.

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