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Reasoning Beyond Language: A Comprehensive Survey on Latent Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

Xinghao Chen, Anhao Zhao, Heming Xia, Xuan Lu, Hanlin Wang, Yanjun Chen, Wei Zhang, Jian Wang, Wenjie Li, Xiaoyu Shen

Surveys latent chain-of-thought methods and organizes a broad, continuously updated bibliography spanning token-wise, structural, representational, and analytical work.

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arXiv:2505.16782 · Initial submission: 2025-05-22

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Analysis and evaluation — Measure how well these methods work, investigate what their internal computation does, and identify where they fail. This includes experiments, studies of model internals, and mathematical results.

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