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From Growing to Looping: A Unified View of Iterative Computation in LLMs

Ferdinand Kapl, Emmanouil Angelis, Kaitlin Maile, Johannes von Oswald, Stefan Bauer

Compares depth growing and weight-tied loops using matched model budgets and interventions on intermediate layers. Finds related patterns of repeated computation and improves reasoning by adding middle-block loops to depth-grown models during inference or continued training.

First public: · Added to this list: November 3, 2026

Cite this paper

ArXiv preprint

arXiv:2602.16490 · Initial submission: 2026-02-18

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Explore this approach

Recurrent reasoning — Repeat parts of the model or keep intermediate information in memory while working through a problem. Some methods also learn how many passes to run.

Analysis and evaluation — Measure how well these methods work, investigate what their internal computation does, and identify where they fail. This includes experiments, studies of model internals, and mathematical results.