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Towards Understanding Pause Token Fine-Tuning Dynamics: A Mode Retention Perspective

Jaehyeon Kim, Suhwan Kim, Nakyung Lee, Yeongoon Kim, Jimin Seo, Giho Lee, Jungwoo Lee

Places pause tokens at reasoning-step boundaries and masks their training loss. Studies how this affects learning new tasks while retaining earlier capabilities, including during reinforcement learning.

First public: · Added to this list: October 18, 2026

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arXiv:2609.04489 · Initial submission: 2026-09-03

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Thinking tokens — Give a model extra tokens for computation, such as pauses, filler symbols, or learned planning tokens. These tokens need not spell out the solution.

Analysis and evaluation — Measure how well these methods work, investigate what their internal computation does, and identify where they fail. This includes experiments, studies of model internals, and mathematical results.

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