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S-Space: Exploring Spatial Workspace in Multimodal Language Models

Zhiyuan Shi, Xiang Li, Xingzhuo Guo, Shangchen Miao, Weiliang Chen, Qiyu Dai, Jinshan Ren, Jiangran Lyu, Fangfu Liu, Mingsheng Long, Jialong Wu

Identifies spatial-coordinate directions in multimodal model activations and tests them through causal interventions. Separating perception from viewpoint transformation reveals cases where a model represents object locations but fails to perform the required spatial computation.

First public: · Added to this list: October 18, 2026

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arXiv:2610.13527 · Initial submission: 2026-10-09

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