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Inside the Loop: A Mechanistic Study of Weight-Tied Transformers on Depth-Bound Algorithmic Tasks

Magnus Sesodia, Juil Sock, Philip Torr, Christian Schroeder de Witt

Trains looped and untied transformers to follow paths through a shuffled permutation graph without writing intermediate hops. Uses probes and activation patching to test when intermediate nodes become available and whether later computation uses them.

First public: · Added to this list: October 22, 2026

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ArXiv preprint

arXiv:2610.24135 · Initial submission: 2026-10-16

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Recurrent reasoning — Repeat parts of the model or keep intermediate information in memory while working through a problem. Some methods also learn how many passes to run.

Analysis and evaluation — Measure how well these methods work, investigate what their internal computation does, and identify where they fail. This includes experiments, studies of model internals, and mathematical results.